The Qualities of Leaders Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Qualities of Leaders - Assignment Example There can be a rundown of administration characteristics in the character of Jeff Bozos (Anders, 2012). It is celebrated that Bezos consistently watches out for framework thinking. He generally includes clients as a significant part in the gatherings. He is continually getting ready for a drawn out methodology. At first his ventures may appear as though wastage however it might procure benefits at long last. Disappointment isn't an issue for him, however definitely, he wants to be imaginative and creative. He generally accepts on a participative dynamic and because of this explanation, he generally lean towards client criticism. He is acclaimed for offering esteems to his representatives. Everyone at Amazon is considered as the Amazon Leader. Steve Jobs is an individual who is considered as a solid and fruitful pioneer; yet there are some negative attributes related with his initiative style (Sander, 2011). It is popular that he was somewhat pompous towards others. For including all the colleagues, there ought to be a benevolent situation in the association. A decent correspondence is severely required between the pioneer and the colleagues. If there should be an occurrence of his initiative, the correspondence component was absent. There were no preparation programs for the staff individuals. A decent pioneer should keep his colleagues refreshed. Input is additionally another significant piece of business cycle and for his situation there was no unmistakable framework to gather criticism. Sander, B. (2011), ‘Unforgiveable Leadership Mistakes That Steve Jobs Made’, Sanders Consulting Group, recovered on July 6, 2014 from

Napster Wars essays

Napster Wars articles A youthful Shaun Fanning, going to class in secondary school in Harwich, Massachusetts had two loves: 1) Sports ( baseball, b-ball, and tennis ) and 2) PCs. As his interest developed for PCs, he chose to stop his game playing, and invest a large portion of his energy working with PCs. He fundamentally centered around two parts of the PC, programming and the Internet. His PC interest developed into a fixation all through secondary school. His first year at Northeast University in 1998 was spent attempting to enter software engineering classes higher than the passage level. Not discovering anything testing about the courses, he chose to begin composing a Windows based program in his extra time. He began investing energy in IRC visit rooms with experienced developers who knew the little-known techniques. Shauns flat mate cherished MP3s, however despised the untrustworthiness of old destinations, and looking interminably for melodies that were generally not by any means accessible. In light of this, and his creating aptitudes as a developer and his interest for the web, Shaun chose to compose the Beta for Napster. He utilized the possibility of all clients being associated with one focal PC server, yet all approaching every others music documents. He needed a ceaselessly refreshed rundown of melodies to browse. He composed a little form and conveyed it to loved ones. The outcomes were all positive. He had individual developers identify bugs, and flawless the program. Napster got its large break, when it was included as Download.coms highlighted download. The framework would be progressive, he thought. A sharp difference to the conventional web crawlers, this network would be client fueled, in light of on what the clients need to impart to different clients. After the commercial on Download.com, Napsters client check soar. Shaun was on the correct way. How innovative! This innovativeness would before long go to strife (Fanning ... <!

Who Needs Harvard

“Who Needs Harvard” Posted on August 13 on TIME.com: Who Needs Harvard? Competition for the Ivies is as fierce as ever, but kids who look beyond the famous schools may be the smartest applicants of all http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1226150-1,00.html Yet another article de-emphasizing the importance of attending the famous schools. This one features our Dean of Admissions: In a kind of virtuous circle, the second tier schools got better as applications rose and they could become choosier in assembling a classwhich in turn raised the quality of the whole experience on campus and made the school more attractive to both topflight professors and the next wave of applicants. Just because you havent heard of a college doesnt mean its no good, argues Marilee Jones, the admissions dean at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an outspoken advocate of the idea that parents need to lighten up. Just as youve changed and grown since college, colleges are changing and growing. So, current MIT students, when you made up your college list, did you apply to the most prestigious schools you thought you had a chance of getting into, or ones that better suited your personality? To be honest, during my interview for MIT, my interviewer was pretty surprised at the range of colleges that I was applying to. They didnt really have anything in common except for being prestigious and having either a good pre-med program or engineering curriculum In hindsight, my decision-making process was flawed, though I know I ended up right where I belonged. Ill never forget people?Æ'?s surprise when I told them I was applying to Wellesley and Yale. But I thought you wanted to study engineering???, they would ask. Well, maybe biology or neuroscience! I would respond (I wasnt sure exactly what I wanted to study at that point.) When youre going on college campus tours, keep your eyes open. I went on very few tours, though I did tour MIT, and I think I was focused on the wrong things. Being the daughter of two architects, I looked at the buildings, the location, and the strength of the engineering and biology programs. What I should have also paid attention to was the school newspaper, the postings on the bulletin boards, and even the general expression on the students?Æ'? faces. Did they seem happy? What sort of activities happened on campus? Were there more fliers for poetry readings, physics conferences, or keg parties? The best is to chat with random students and hear about what they study, do for fun, and love (or hate) about their schools. Or, sit in the cafeteria and listen to people?Æ'?s conversations. Yes, it?Æ'?s a little creepy, but you may learn a lot. There was a great poster in the Infinite corridor last year called ?Æ'?Things overheard in the Infinite,?Æ'? where people would write down random clips of conversations. It was amazing to see the range of topics that people talk about. You?Æ'?re going to spend four very challenging years no matter what school you go to, make sure you?Æ'?re committing yourself to the right one. Every school has its own personality, especially MIT, where you?Æ'?re more likely to see someone wearing a cape than a popped collar.

My Life After College For The Public School Lunch System

A Journey to Discovering My Path in Life When I graduated from college in spring 2015 with my Bachelor in Nutrition, I thought I knew exactly how my life after college was going to be like. My mission is to create a change to the public school lunch system; to help children learn how to love and enjoy a healthy and nutritious meal. It was discouraging to find out that there is a lot of limitations to what changes I can make; however, I did not want to waste my time doing nothing as I soul search my new goal in life. That is when a job listing for AmeriCorps VISTA came across me as I was searching for jobs that might interest me. There were many different fields and opportunities out there that VISTA can get involve with, but I choose Communities In Schools of the Heart of Texas (CIS-HOT) as the site I want to serve because it offers me a change of environment and it support my values; children are our future so we need to invest in them. Starting out my service year in August 2015, I did not know what national service was all about or what Communities In Schools (CIS) does either. I accepted the position as the Volunteer Coordinator base on my experiences with volunteering while I was still in school and my believe and desire that I can make a difference. The force that pushes me to take on this challenge was my passion to see children succeed and the feeling of accomplishment that I can help make that change possible. This is the first year that CIS-HOT brings onShow MoreRelatedThe Sociology Of Education Is The Study Of How Public Institutions1326 Words   |  6 PagesThe sociology of education is the study of how public institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcomes on the students and staff members. It is mostly concerned with the public schooling systems of modern industrial societies, including the expansion of higher, further, adult, and continuing education at all institutional levels. Sociology is important because it looks at the structure of society and how its components and institutions fit together. It helps us to understandRead MoreEvaluating the Research Process/ Childhood Obesity Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesEvaluating the Research Process HCS/465-Health Care Research Utilization September 17, 2012 Kerrie Kelly Ji Li, PhD and Neal Hooker, PhD conducted a study on the links of childhood obesity and children who are enrolled in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), School Breakfast Program (SBP), clubs such as sports and others, and different living and household factors. This study utilized the conceptual framework of the literature review from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) during 2003Read MorePublic Schools Vs. Private Schools1638 Words   |  7 PagesAfter having children many parents question which school system is better suited for their kids and which aspect is more important, convenience or quality education? Some people believe the public schools provide the same education but at a lower cost. Tooley, Dixon, and Gomathi state â€Å"many assume that private education is concerned only with serving the privileged, so is irrelevant to concerns about extending access to the poor.† Although there are some private schools that are expensive, most areRead MoreHealthcare Comparison of the Usa and Nigeria994 Words   |  4 PagesFour Main Differences between the healthcare systems in Nigeria and the USA. Paul Fortune College of Nursing â€Æ' After living in my native country, Nigeria for nearly twenty years of my life, I had the opportunity to relocate to the United States of America to live with my Dad while pursuing a career in Nursing. On getting to the United States of America or the USA as it is commonly called, I discovered how lovely and different the country really is. The USA was a lot different from what I hadRead MoreCollege Admissions : Financial Planning1438 Words   |  6 PagesIndependent Life College Admissions: Financial Planning Financial stress is an everyday reality for college students. Dealing with the financial side of college has been proven to be one of the biggest stress factors for students. Before even starting college, one must worry about how they are going to pay for it; whether they ll take out student loans, apply for numerous scholarships, or pay out of pocket. There are many different ways you can prepare yourself for the financial strain ofRead MoreEssay about I Was a Teenage Student1109 Words   |  5 Pagesanything horribly wrong with my schooling. This may be because I have attended private schools for most of my life, and only attended a public, state-run institution for three years, or it may be because the effect Jonathan Kozol talks about in The Night Is Dark and I Am Far from Home has been so subtle that I do not notice it. I do have some criticisms of my schooling, however. When I think of my education as a whole, I think of it divided in to two parts, private and public. As I said before, I haveRead MoreEducating Students Who Still Looking For Dream938 Words   |  4 Pagesway to students who still looking for dream As a common student who studied in high school in U.S and China, I strongly concerned that the educational purpose in both countries have been far away from the original purpose of education. As one of the students who have a dream, the thing is, I strongly recommend that we need to improve our educational quality and enable the basic purpose of education return to our school. As the matter of fact, the basic educational purpose for students is teach themRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of Fareed Zakaria s The Rise Of Illiberal Democracy 1548 Words   |  7 PagesIn the following document I have read and researched two different points asked in the assignment. The first is a summarization and my take on Zakaria’s article, along with answered questions from the assignment. The second is a research portion, provided by the listed sources, about the civil rights movement. I thoroughly enjoyed reading the Zakaria article and it was an eye-opener looking into the civil rights m ovement. Fareed Zakaria’s â€Å"The Rise of Illiberal Democracy† details his view on electedRead MoreMaria Carrillo High School Program Essay1561 Words   |  7 PagesMaria Carrillo High School is in the good part of town, less than five minutes from an upscale neighborhood where homes can be purchased for a median of $829,000 (trulia.com). At the front of the school, past the lot of shiny cars, the customary American and Bear Flags blowing in the breeze are accompanied by an unfamiliar blue banner proclaiming Carrillo’s status as a California Distinguished School. This program, intended to honor schools that have â€Å"improved student outcomes† through the implementation

Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass An American Slave

Student Name: Nicole Palacios Book Title/ Author: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass an American Slave, By Frederick Douglass Date: July 31, 2015 Total Pages: 13 Dialectical Journal Quotes Chapter and Page # Analysis (Characters, Theme, Plot) â€Å"My mother was of a darker complexion than either my grandmother or grandfather. My father was a white man. He was admitted to be such by all I ever heard speak of my parentage.† Chapter 1 Page 2 Indirect Characterization: Speech This shows us that Frederick douglass was not a full african american slave he was half african american and half white. (Question) What happened to other people that were mixed White and African American? â€Å"My mother and I were separated when I was but an infant—before I knew her as my mother. It is a common custom, in the part of Maryland from which I ran away, to part children from their mothers at a very early age†¦I never saw my mother, to know her as such, more than four or five times in my life; and each of these times was very short in duration, and at night.† Chapter 1 Page 2 Indirect Characterization: Action Something I concluded here in this statement was that Frederick and his mom never had that connection children have today because in modern time children are not separated from their mother at birth. (Question) Why would they separate the children from their mother? Why weren t they able to stay together? â€Å"I have often been awakened at the dawn of day by the most heart-rendingShow MoreRelatedNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1251 Words   |  6 PagesJustine Boonstra Frey- Period 1 MAJOR WORKS REVIEW AP Lang Version GENERAL 1. Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. 1845. New York: Fine, 2003. Print. 2. Autobiography STRUCTURE 1. Point of View: First Person, the narrator Frederick Douglass 2. Relationship of POV to meaning: 3. Plot Structure a. Exposition: Douglass describes that his mother was a black slave, and his father was a white man. Thus, he was born into slavery and was sent off toRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1093 Words   |  5 Pagespossible difference.† -Frederick Douglass. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, by Frederick Douglass, shares the story of the struggles of an American slave during the eighteenth-century. Fredrick Douglass was born in Tuckahoe, Maryland in approximately 1818. While being raised by his grandmother, Betsey Bailey, he snuck around at night to meet his mother nearby, assuming that his slaveholder, Captain Anthony, was his father. From adolescence, Douglass knew he was differentRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1131 Words   |  5 PagesAshley Moreshead American History 2010 November 8, 2015 Frederick Douglass Essay The â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave† is a memoir that depicts the hardships and brutalities, Fredrick himself and other slaves suffered during the time of slavery in the 1800’s. Throughout Douglass’ narrative, he describes the common casualties of growing up, and the limited information he is provided with. This is a direct connection between the ignorance of slaves and the lack of educationRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1552 Words   |  7 Pages04/23/2015 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself Theme: False versus True Christianity In this theme, Fredrick Douglass contrasts the both forms of Christianity to show the underlying hypocrisy in slavery. The results show that slavery is not religious as it exposes the evils in human bondage. These ideals however can be distorted so as to fit in the society. Two forms of Christianity are presented in â€Å"The Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass and eachRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave Essay2361 Words   |  10 PagesReference Teacher Resources ââ€" » More ââ€" » Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave Summary Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave cover image summary In Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass recounts his experiences as a slave. He details the horrors of growing up on a plantation, being subjected to extreme racism, and running away to freedom. He later became an influential writer and activist. Douglass describes how he was separated from hisRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass : An American Slave1386 Words   |  6 Pagesthe slavery became like a tumor to parasitize the human society rapidly. With physical and psychological abuse, this â€Å"tumor† tortured every struggling people from day to night. As the insight of a dark history, Frederick Douglass’s â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave† demonstrates the dehumanization of an inhuman society and how slavery could make a man be a salve and make another man be an enslaver and how he resisted this dehumanization. In eighteen and nineteen centuriesRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave977 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1845 Frederick Douglass published his first book Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. This book not only showed people what life was truly like in the eyes of a slave, but it became instrumental in propelling the abolitionist movement and helping it gain motion all across the country. Douglass was truly a revolutionary person because throughout the duration of slavery, African American people were not permitted to be educated. This was considered dangerous. It wasn’tRead More The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave was written by Frederick Douglass himself. He was born into slavery in Tuckahoe, Maryland in approximately 1817. He has, †¦no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it (47). He became known as an eloquent speaker for the cause of the abolitionists. Having himself been kept as a slave until he escaped from Maryland in 1838Read MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1129 Words   |  5 Pagesboth â€Å"The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave,† by Frederick Douglass and â€Å"Self Reliance†, by Ralph Waldo Emerson, a person may notice a trend that both authors focused on. The trend was the key to happiness or self-fulfillment. Both Ralph Waldo Emerson and Frederick Douglass believed that acquiring knowledge is what people should aim for throughout their lives. They both had different viewpoints when it c ame to the type of knowledge individuals should gain. Douglass believedRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave1375 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave† The book â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave† was written by Frederick Douglass. It is based on a true story where Douglass writes down about his life as a slave where he was born in Tuckahoe near Hillsborough. However, his mother was an African American while his father was white. The problem was that all the slaves did not know their birthday therefore, Douglas did not know his own age. Although, his master

Heart Failure Alert System Using Rfid and Gps Free Essays

HEART FAILURE ALERT SYSTEM USING RFID AND GPS -AN EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR CONTINOUS MONITORING OF PATIENTS [pic] PRESENTED BY: ODUGU SIVA SUBRAMANYAM D. SANDEEP REDDY III/IV B. Tech, ECE III/IV B. We will write a custom essay sample on Heart Failure Alert System Using Rfid and Gps or any similar topic only for you Order Now Tech, ECE sivao420@gmail. com sandeep08426@gmail. com Mobile no: 8977631621 Mobile no:9494050980 GUDLAVALLERU ENGINEERING COLLEGE GUDLAVALLERU CONTENTS †¢ ABSTRACT †¢ INTRODUCTION †¢ OVERVIEW OF RFID SYSTEM †¢ GENERAL MODEL FOR HEART FAILURE ALERT SYSTEM †¢ WORKING ALGORITHMS †¢ CONCLUSION ABSTRACT: Now-a-days the deaths caused due to the heart failure have been of major concern . The majority of the deaths caused by heart failures are due to the lack of medical assistance in time. This paper gives an insight of a new technology that relates directly to the exploding wireless marketplace. This technology is a whole new wireless and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) enabled frontier in which a victim’s actual location is integral for providing valuable medical services. The paper will be demonstrating for the first time ever the usage of wireless telecommunications systems and miniature sensor devices like RFID passive Tags , that are smaller than a grain of rice and equipped with a tiny antenna which will capture and wirelessly transmit a person’s vital body-function data, such as pulse or body temperature , to an integrated ground station. In addition, the antenna will also receive information regarding the location of the individual from the GPS (Global Positioning Satellite) System. Both sets of data medical information and location will then be wirelessly transmitted to the ground station and made available to save lives by remotely monitoring the medical conditions of at-risk patients and providing emergency rescue units with the person’s exact location. This paper gives a predicted general model for Heart Failure Alert System. It also discusses the Algorithm for converting the Analog pulse to Binary data in the tag and the Algorithm for alerting the Location Tracking Station. It discusses in detail the various stages involved in tracking the exact location of the Victim using this technology INTRODUCTION: It is tough to declare convincingly what is the most important organ of our body. In fact every organ has its own importance contributing and coordinating superbly to keep the wonderful machine the human body functioning smoothly. And one of the primary organs which thebody cannot do without is the heart, 72 beats a minute or over a trillion in a lifetime. The pump house of our body pumping the blood to every corner of our body every moment, thus sending oxygen and nutrients to each and every cell. Over a period of time, the heart muscles go weak, the arteries get blocked and sometimes because of a shock a part of the heart stops functioning resulting in what is called a HEART ATTACK. Heart attack is a major cause of death and in today’s tension full world it has become very common. Presently there is no mechanism by which a device monitors a person’s heart 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and gives him instant protection in case of problem. Our primary focus is on people with a history of heart problem as they are more prone to death due to heart failure. In the 1970s, a group of scientists at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) realized that a handheld receiver stimulated by RF power could send back a coded radio signal. Such a system could be connected to a simple computer and used to control access to a secure facility This system ultimately became one of the first building entry systems based on the first commercial use of RFID. RFID or Radio Frequency identification is a technology that enables the tracking or identification of objects using IC based tags with an RF circuit and antenna, and RF readers that â€Å"read† and in some case modify the information stored in the IC memory. RFID: RFID is an automated data-capture technology that can be used to electronically identify , track, and store information about groups of products, individual items, or product components. The technology consists of three key pieces:1. RFID TAGS 2. RFID READERS 3. HOST COMPUTER RFID TAGS: RFID tags are small or miniaturized computer chips programmed with information about a product or with a number that corresponds to information that is stored in a database. The tags can be located inside or on the surface of the product, item, or packing material. pic] The RF tags could be divided in two major groups PASSIVE: where the power to energize the tag’s circuitry is draw from the reader generated field. and ACTIVE: in this case the tag has an internal power source, in general a battery that could be replaceable or not, in some case this feature limited the tag lifetime, but for some applications this is not important, or the tag is designed to live more than the typical time needed. |type |Frequency |Read | Tag source |Applications | | |range |range |power | | |LF | How to cite Heart Failure Alert System Using Rfid and Gps, Essay examples

Midsummers Night Dream Essays (1831 words) -

Midsummer's Night Dream So often, when books or plays get made into movies, the whole story is butchered, and the final outcome is uninteresting. This is not the case for A Midsummer-Night's Dream. The movie A Midsummer-Night's Dream was extremely well acted out , and had an entertaining plot that kept its viewers intrigued. Its plot was fun and dream-like that kept its viewers entertained. The story line and critical elements were well acted out exciting to follow. Shakespeare created many parallels between this play and that of Hamlet. Overall this was a very good movie, one that I would definitely one that I would tell a friend about. The action in A Midsummer-Night's Dream takes place in mythical Athens. Theseus, the reigning Duke, has conquered the Amazons and has fallen in love with their beautiful queen, Hippolyta. As the play opens, he tells us that their wedding is to take place in five days. At this point, Egeus, a wealthy Athenian, brings his daughter Hermia before the Duke. Having fallen in love with Lysander, a young man of whom her father disapproves, Hermia has refused to marry Demetrius, who is her fathers choice. Demetrius had been in love with Hermia's friend, Helena, but had abandoned her for Hermia. The Duke tells Hermia that according to Athenian law, she must marry Demetrius or die. The other alternative is a life of chastity as a virgin priestess. She has until the Duke's wedding day to decide. After the other leave, Hermia and Lysander determine to meet in a wood near the city the following night. Then they plant to leave the city and go tot a place outside of Athenian jurisdiction where they can be married. Helena promises to help the lovers, and they leave. When Demetrius returns, Helena, who is hopelessly in love with him, tries to win his favor by telling him of Hermia's plan to elope. She is bitterly disappointed when Demetrius hurries away to stop the elopement, but she follows him. In another part of Athens a group of common men, led by Peter Quince, are preparing a play to be given at the wedding feast of Theseus and Hippolyta. The "star" of the group, Nick Bottom, struts and boasts of his ability to play any and all the parts and is finally cast as the hero. All the parts are assigned and the rehearsal is set to take place the next night in the wood outside of Athens- the same wood where Hermia and Lysander are to meet. The night in question is Midsummer's Eve, a time of great rejoicing and mischief among the fairies who live in the wood. Oberon, their king, and Titania, their Queen, have quarreled over possession of a little boy, the child of one of Titania's priestesses. To resolve the quarrel, humble his proud Queen, and gain the boy for his own group of followers, Oberon enlists the aid of Puck. This clever and mischievous fairy delights in playing tricks on mortals and is a faithful servant of Oberon. By putting the nectar of a magic flower on the eyes of the sleeping Lysander, Puck causes him to fall in love with Helena and forsake Hermia. Into this confusion come Bottom and his amateur acting troupe. Puck turns Bottom's head into the head of a donkey, frightening off all his friends and leaving the weaver alone. He comes upon Titania, the Queen of the Fairies, and awakens her from her sleep. Her eyes, like those of Lysander, have been anointed with the magic nectar, and she falls in love with the first creature she sees. Her new love is, of course, Bottom- with his donkey's head. After playing tricks on Titania, Bottom, and the two pairs of lovers, Oberon relents and has Puck set things right again. Lysander and Hermia are reunited, and Demetruius, with the aid of the magic juice, rediscovers his love for Helena. Titania and Bottom are released from their enchantments, and she agrees to give Oberon the little boy to Oberon. The lovers come upon the Duke and his party hunting in the woods that morning. After hearing their stories, he proclaims that the six of them will get married on the same day. Bottom awakens, is confused, but returns to Athens and prepares to give their play at the Duke's wedding. After the triple wedding, the play, "Pyramus and Thisby," is presented as part of the entertainment. It is performed so earnestly and so badly that the assembled guests are weak from laughter.

College Funding essays

College Funding essays As a young college student you have many avenues available for funding your formal education but none will be as satisfying as maintaining paying a position whether it is full-time or part-time. While there are several sacrifices for obtaining a job and going to school simultaneously there are many more rewards that will follow. Many students would like to not work while they are in school but most have financial obligations that require them to. On the other hand there are a few students that do not have to or need to work, most cases being that their parents either saved for their college education or their parents did not need to save due to their financial prosperity. Some students and parents look at working and going to school as a negative circumstance but nothing could be further from the truth. By maintaining a job while you are in college you are increasing your likelihood of being employed after graduation. Students that rely on their wealthy parents to put them through college are in some ways very fortunate because they then have the ability to solely focus on their studies without having to juggle both work and school. In the same thought, those students who do not have to worry about financial obligations would most likely come across to some as being carefree and maybe some would even think that they are not mature enough to take on the responsibility of their own finances. Through their parents these students have access to the finer things in life without having to work for them, which in some ways re-enforces the lack of work ethic among this group of students. As long as their parents are involved in their lives they will not have to work to truly earn something that they want. Without work experience these students of wealthy parents can have all the money in the world and all the degrees imaginable but without prior work experience the chances of them landing a job over someone that has held a ...

Traditional Academic Vs Modern Spoken Street French

Traditional Academic Vs Modern Spoken Street French Many French student have a shock when they go to France: although theyve studied French for many years, when they get to France, they cannot understand the natives. Does that sound familiar? Well you are not the only one.   French is an Evolving Language Like any other languages, French evolves. The French vocabulary of course, but the French grammar as well, and mostly the pronunciation. Its the same thing in English: you no longer say swell but awesome. I dont know anyone who regularly uses shall in the US, and night is becoming nite - although this one is not quite accepted yet!   This Evolution is Frown Upon By French Teachers and Purists This evolution is frown upon by French teachers and purists, who consider the language is becoming poorer. They are likely to use the modern pronunciation themselves when they are among friends and family, but will automatically watch their pronunciation when they are teaching / recording teaching methods. The French Taught In School is NOT the French Spoken Today The result is that the French youll traditionally find in schools and French learning methods is NOT the one actual French people speak today. This is true for any French person: no matter their age or standing, every single French person nowadays applies some glidings that are not taught to students of French. Spoken Street French Versus Book French Examples Let me give you some examples. Youve learned Je ne sais pas but will hear shay pa. (I dont know)Youve learned quelle heure but will hear kan à §a ?. (when/ at what time)Youve learned Je ne le lui ai pas donnà © but will hear shui aypa donà ©. (I didnt give it to him/her)Youve learned il ne fait pas beau but will hear ifay pabo. (The weather is not nice)Youve learned il ny a pas de quoi but will hear ya pad kwa. (Its nothing)Youve learned qui est-ce ? but will hear sà ©ki? (Who is it?)Youve learned Il ne veut pas ce qui est ici but will hear ivepa skià © tici. (He doesnt want what is here). Students seldom really master French liaisons, which are an essential part of French pronunciation, and theyve never heard glidings, street question construction, nor are they aware that entire words disappear (such as the ne part of the negation or many pronouns). And thats just pronunciation. Im not even getting into the in words used by the younger generations such as kiffer ( aimer) or elle lui a pà ©ta son iPhone - she broke his iPhone... You Need to Understand Mainstream Street French So, without going to the extreme and learn ghetto street French... you need to understand French like it is spoken by everybody in France nowadays. This is not the typical French youll find in books or even audio programs for French students. Unless your teacher is French or has spent a lot of time in France, s/he may not know how to speak like that. And many French teachers from France with higher diplomas will refuse to teach the modern glidings etc... thinking they are participating to the decadence of the language if they do.   So what French learning tools should you use? Read about the ​top French learning resources for the self studying student  - the only way you will learn to understand this modern spoken French is by working with audiobooks which focus on modern French and familiarise yourself with the modern glidings. Or of course, go to France in immersion, and practice with a teacher who accepts to put his teacher hat on the side and teach you the real spoken French language.​

Business Law and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Law and Ethics - Essay Example eternal law), further bolstering its obligatory nature, then calling attention to the Roman jurists and the contemporary court pronouncements to the same effect, adding a legal dimension to the duty. All these aside, Johnston argues that the fiduciary obligation is encompassed within natural law, that is, it is within the nature of man as a free, rational and social being to render fiduciary loyalty where the situation calls for it. In the context of business, the fiduciary relationship exists between the owner of the business and the person that owner has hired to discharge the business. In modern corporate parlance, the business owner would be the shareholders, those who have invested financial resources in the business entity. The steward hired to conduct the affairs of the business is the modern business manager, or the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in large corporations. In the Biblical metaphor, therefore, the CEO is the servant who is morally charged to owe loyalty to the shar eholders. Johnston argues that one who serves in a fiduciary position cannot serve his interest first before the interest of the person/s to whom trust is owed, legally, the cestui que trust or beneficiary of the trust relationship. Corollary to this argument is that the person entrusted cannot substitute his own judgment for that of the trustor, or undertake an action that he knows jeopardizes the trustor’s best interests. The conflict therefore arises in the modern business context, where advocates of corporate social responsibility insist that business managers, particularly for large corporations, have a duty not only to shareholders but also to other stakeholders – customers, employees, suppliers, the immediate community and society in general – to likewise serve their benefit and welfare in the conduct of their business. This is seen to run counter to the fiduciary relationship because management would have to decide in favour of the benefit of other share holders, at times to the detriment of the aim to maximize shareholder gain and corporate profit. It is the equal obligation to stakeholders as to shareholders that Johnston believes is untenable in practice From a legal standpoint, I would tend to agree with Johnston. Given an either-or proposition, the fiduciary relationship would supersede the stakeholder relationship. From a practical perspective, however, it is apparent that seldom is one drawn into the choice of one side to the exclusion of the other. Most business owners are aware that keeping customers satisfied, employees engaged and motivated, suppliers operationally viable, and the community supportive, would eventually translate to business gain and growth. By serving stakeholder interests, managers may forego opportunities for short-term profits but benefit the shareholders in terms of long-run and sustainable profitability. From a utilitarian perspective, therefore, the satisfaction of stakeholder interests also serves the interests of the shareholders, and there is no conflict. It is also often forgotten that the shareholders are themselves stakeholders of the company, particularly as customers, and oftentimes also as employees, because of employees’ share options. Shareholders are also part of the community and larger society. In this sense, the

Engineering Reflective Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Engineering Reflective Statement - Essay Example that, I enjoy reading materials on engineering like the Mechanical Engineering Magazine monthly edition and the Mechanical Society of American Engineers which promotes the art, science & practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe. However, the main reason why I chose the article is an article I read on making coal a cleaner burning fuel. The global impact seen as a result of engineering solutions is the destruction of the ozone layer due to the use of various machines. A good example is the CFC used as a coolant because of its excellent heat capacity, but it ends up destroying the ozone layer. A lot of machines that have been invented contribute towards the destruction of the ozone layer through the fumes that they emit while in operation. The economic impact is felt in the manufacture and distribution of the various machines that have been invented. They provide a trading ground for many companies and individuals and at the same time create revenue for firms, individuals and governments (Huber, 23). The environment is also affected by engineering solutions in that there is increased pollution of the air and water sources. This is due to the fumes emitted by various machines and waste deposited by various industries. Automobiles have eased transportation problems but cause pollution and, as a result, global warming. The social impact can be seen in the way communication has been eased through various gadgets and social networks that have come up as a result of engineering solutions. Mechanical engineers need to understand the impact of their engineering solutions in order to come up with better ideas that will ensure the safety of everyone in the future. Their inventions have solved a lot of problems within homes, at work places and around us. However these solutions have come along with other negative impacts that are slowly affecting the natural ways of living and putting the future at risk. In order to understand these

The bioprocess of yogurt

The bioprocess of yogurt Abstract This report discusses the bioprocess of manufacturing yoghurt on an industrial scale. On a industrial scale the procedure for yoghurt production follows: preparation and standardization of milk, Pasteurization, homogenization, Cooling to incubation temperature for inoculation with starter culture, fermentation, post-fermentation treatment i.e. adding additive such as flavouring, fruit addition, refrigeration and packaging. In examining each step and identifying limitation, improvements in the general procedure have been suggested. Some improvements include; ensuring correct standardization of milk i.e. yoghurt standard contents are met, changes in technique used to alter fat content, effective heat treatments to kill off unwanted organisms, verification of fermentation process to give and starter culture used in inoculation provides high yields, handling is limited to avoid contamination of and damage to the final product. Introduction Yoghurt is one of the most popular dairy products consumed worldwide and is made principally on the bacterial fermentation of milk. The word is from the Turkish Yogen, meaning thick. Originating in the slopes of Mount Elbrus the discovery of yoghurt was by complete chance; when a Turkish nomads pitcher of milk was contaminated by some organism that thrived in warm milk. Since then yoghurt has been produced and consumed worldwide for at least 5 400 years and continues to be one of the most nutritious foods proving unique nutritional value to the consumer. Yoghurt is produced when a lactic acid bacterial starter culture is used to ferment the sugar Lactose found in milk to Lactic Acid which then acts on the protein to give yogurt its characteristic texture and form. Dairy yoghurt is produced using a mixed culture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus bacteria. Although the consistency, flavour and aroma may vary from one region to another, the basic ingredients and manufacturing process are essentially consistent. The general manufacturing procedure includes; Adjusting milk composition and addition of other ingredient to meet the required Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) in terms of fat and non-fat content. Pasteurization of milk to kill unwanted bacteria Homogenization of milk to ensure uniform composition Cooling of milk to optimum starter culture incubation temperature Fermentation of milk by addition of starter culture Addition of flavours and fruit Storage and packaging The implantation of this general manufacturing procedure is seen in the production of Yoplait yogurt (as seen in the flowchart below). Preparation of Milk In the production of yoghurt a variety of milk can be employed; whole fat, semi-skimmed milk or low fat milk, the type of milk used depends upon the type of yoghurt one intends to produce. However, one of the main importance when considering the type used is the absence of any material (disinfectant) or organisms that will hinder or prevent the growth of the starter organism, for example, bacteriophages which are a group of virus that can attack the starter organism causing extremely long periods of incubation (Moralee, 2002). When the milk arrives at the plant, its composition is altered before any further processing can be completed. This standardization process usually involves increasing the total solids content and decreasing the fat content. The fat content is reduced by a process termed centrifugation. Centrifugation is a separation process commonly used in the industrial treatment of milk. In this process the centrifugal force is utilized to separate insoluble from the liquids thereby resulting in the fat globules separating from the rest of the milk suspension. The milk should be kept at temperature of 40oC before entering the centrifuge (Costa Goomes, 2008). The lower the fat content the higher the lactose levels (Carpers, 2005) hence lowering the fat content will be beneficial when the milk later undergoes fermentation. Several methods can be used to raise the solid contents in milk; evaporation, addition of skim milk powder, addition of milk concentrates etc. In industrial yoghurt manufacturin g, the solids content of yogurt is often adjusted above the 8.25% minimum (Food and drug administration, 1999). Commonly the standard solids content is increase to 16% with 1-5% being fat and 11-14% being solid non-fat (SNF). Increasing the dry matter contents (solid non milk fat) not only improves the nutritional value of the yoghurt, but also provides a thicker, firmer and fuller bodied to the finshed yoghurt (Watson, 2004). Improvements Evaporation of milk prior to the fermentation process for concentrated milk (higher non-fat solid content) is utilized in order to give a better body and texture to the yoghurt. Due to the ever spiralling energy costs, the increase in cost of concentrating milk is becoming prohibitive ( Moralee, 2002). Consequently, larger manufacturing plants have begun replace the evaporation method with a new technique known as fortification. Fortification is the addition of dried milk solids to the base of milk prior to inoculation (Moralee, 2002). Several commercial yoghurt manufacturing plants are fortifying the base milk with a cocktail of milk and non milk solids (Smith, 2002). The addition of stabilizers may also be employed to improve the body of the yogurts as they increase the firmness and viscosity, preventing separation of the whey; liquid remaining after milk has been curdled, from the yoghurt, a problem know as syneresis (Watson dairy consulting, 2007). This is achieved through their ability to form gel structures in water and as a result leaving behind less free water for syneresis. Stabilizers are more important in yoghurt produced commercially as yoghurt mix has to be pumped, stirred, fruited and filled and will often break down to a runny liquid without the addition of stabilisers (Watson, 2004). The amount of beneficial stabilizers to be added to the yoghurt mixture is required to be determined simply through batch sampling experimentation by each manufacturer as Too much stabiliser and the yoghurt can take on a rubbery texture, far too much stabiliser and the yoghurt can become a hard solid mass (Moralee, 2002). Some stabilizers used in yoghurt manufacturing include gelatins, gums (locust bean, guar), pectins, and starch. Pasteurization Generally the fresh milk obtained from healthy animals is either beneficial or harmless, however, changes when improperly handled, or deterioration of the animals health can create conditions in which the bacteria are able to multiply. The large presence of unknown organisms in the raw milk would make the fermentation too unreliable and unpredictable for commercial operations (Csutak, 2005). Pasteurization is the process by which heat treatment to each particle of milk at relatively high temperature for a specified period of time is capable of killing off harmful bacteria for example pathogens, and improve the storage quality of milk by inactivating certain undesirable enzymes and spoilage bacteria (Watson 2007). Typical temperatures for milk pasteurization are 85-95oC for 20-30minutes (Smith 2002). This technique of heat treatment is also successful in achieving a more stable gel as it denatures the whey (serum) proteins. Furthermore, high heat treatment can also ensure little compe tition from spoilage organisms providing a much better environment for grown of starter organisms later in the process. It is important that the pasteurization of the milk occurs before addition of starter cultures as this ensures they act as prebiotics; remain active in yoghurt after fermentation (moralee, 2002). Improvements: Whilst pasteurization of the milk is effective in destroying microorganisms, improper handling after pasteurization can recontaminate the milk (Brock, 2005). Several safe handling practices can be employed such as sterilised equipment should be used, preferable stainless steel utensils as these are more easy to clean and durable, pure water streams should be utilize when cleansing to prevent any contamination, rapid cooling to approximately 5oC or less and storage in closed vessels before and after pasteurization to ensure unaltered quality and flavour of milk (Brock, 2005). Pasteurization can be a continuous or batch process, however, commercially it is better in continuous stirring vessels as this continuous agitation ensures every particle of milk including the foam receives the minimum heat treatment. The temperature within each vessel should be monitored with an accurate metal or glass thermometer (Smith P, 1981). Apart from utilising pasteurization, Ultra-high temperature (UHT) is another type of heat treatment that is currently being employed. In this type of processing organisms are destroyed destroy more effectively by heating the mixture for a shorter period of time, approximately 1-2 seconds, at an extremely high temperature exceeding 135oC (Dairy Science and Technology, 2007). UHT treatment essentially sterilizes the milk and allows it to be stored at room temperature for up to 8 weeks with out change in flavour (Brock, 2005). Homogenization In the commercial production of yoghurt milk is always virtually homogenize prior to fermentation in order to give a uniform product. Homogenization of milk aids in the prevention of cream that is, the fat from rising to the surface during the fermentation process. Using a homogenizer or viscolizer fat globules are broken down into much smaller and more evenly dispersed particles and subsequently producing a much smoother and creamier end product (Watson, 2007). When milk enters a homogenizer it is force through small orifices at extremely high pressures breaking down globules as a result of the high shearing forces and dispersing the fat evenly throughout the milk which prohibits the fat from rising to the top of the container (Steane, 2008). Milk mixtures are typically homogenized under pressures of 2000-2500 psi (Moralee, 2002). Additionally this process also prevents wheying off during the incubation and storage stage thus enhancing the stability and consistency of the yoghurt. O nce the homogenized mixture has been cooled to the optimum growth temperature, the starter culture is added. It is important for the mixture to be cooled to a typical temperature of approximately 45oC for inoculation as temperatures higher than this may kill off culture (Watson, 2007). Following the cooling of milk to a temperature of 40-45oC, the milk is inoculated with a fermentation culture. The main starter cultures for yoghurt production are Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. The function of the starter cultures is to ferment the lactose, sugars found in milk, to produce lactic acid. C12H22O11 + H2O ? 4 C3H6O3 Lactose Lactic Acid The increase in lactic acid production corresponds to a decrease in pH levels and causes the milk to clot, or form the soft gel curd that is characteristic of yogurt. The fermentation of lactose also produces flavour compounds, acetaldehyde, that are characteristic of yogurt. The lactic acid levels can be measured by simply performing a titration with sodium hydroxide. The current minimum standards for yoghurt manufacturing require a value of at least 0.9% acidity and a pH of about 4.4 (Food and drug administration, 1999). The fermented milk is typically incubated in large sealed vats in a temperature controlled environment, temperature is monitored carefully to maintain at a temperature optimum for starter culture growth. Inoculation typically occurs at a rate of 0.5-5% (Watson, 2007). When the desired acidity, that is pH level of about 4.4 is reached, rapid cooling to approximately 7 oC is effected in order to stop the fermentation process. It is vital to note that too long or too short a fermentation process will produce a product that is inferior in either its flavour or texture. Too long fermentation will give other organisms the change to become established, with the associated risks of off flavours and smells (Morale, 2002). In the commercial production of yoghurt, emphasis is not only on the fermentation ability but also on characteristics imparted by the lactic acid cultures. For satisfactory performance the starter culture must be capable of rapid acid production, flavouring of yoghurt, production o full body and texture yoghurt. The determination of whether the starter culture activity is satisfactory or not is determined by direct microscopic counts of culture slides stained with methylene blue (Smith, 2002). In doing so there is also the benefit of observing the physiological state of the cultured cells. The lactic starter culture used for yoghurt production is thermophillic has an optimum temperature of 42oC. The two cultures (Lactobacillus and streptococcus thermophillus) can be grown independently; however, there is a higher rate of acid production when used in together (mixed strain), that is that make use of each others metabolites in order to effect the acid production efficiency. Streptococc us thermophilus grows at a faster rate producing carbon dioxide and lactic acid. The formate along with the carbon dioxide stimulates the growth of Lactobacillus (Smith, 2002). During fermentation the yoghurt mixture coagulates when the pH level drops. The streptococci are responsible for the initial pH drop of the yogurt mix to approximately 5.0. The lactobacilli are responsible for a further decrease to pH 4.5 (Steane, 2008). Inoculation of lactic starter cultures with yoghurt milk produces lactic acid, acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Improvements- As mentioned above when selecting the type of milk used in manufacture of yoghurt it is important for the milk to possess a low bacteria count, be free from sanitizing chemicals, rancid milk and have no contamination by bacteriophages. Serious economic losses in the yoghurt industry have been attributed to phage attack (Smith, 2004). Accompanying the decrease in texture and flavour, bacteriophage attacks decreases the rate of acid production. Large scale manufacturers typically have laboratory facilities to check incoming milk to eliminate the possibilities of other starter inhibiting substances (Moralee, 2002), however, the presence of bacteriophages is always a risk. Large manufacturers Phage are usually found in the drains and floor gullies of a dairy producing any cultured product, poor hygiene and a lack of general housekeeping increase the risk (Dairy Science Technology, 2007). Thus in order to reduce the possibility of bacteriophage present strict sanitation procedures would e nsure prevention of phage attack (Smith, 2004). This include; hand-washing between each handling, sterile tanks, floors and bench surface. s Also, since the starter culture is one of the most critical ingredients in yoghurt manufacture synchronisation of rate of acid production and plant production schedules is extremely vital. For example, if frozen cultures are used then a longer incubation period of approximately 5 hours at 43oC is required for acid production (Smith 2002). Similarly as noted above, maintenance of temperature is extremely important for starter culture. This is because if the temperature of incubation is too low, culture grows at such a slow rate that it is unable to adequately acidify milk and to achieve a good texture vice versa if the temperature is too high the culture is killed. Traditionally, when the lactic acid starter culture is grown in a suitable medium, small quantities will be extracted to inoculate each new batch of yoghurt. This is commonly referred to as using bulk starter. However, due to the high risk of bacteriophage infections and the delay in time when each new batch is prepared, employment of bulk starter is becoming increasingly uncommon amongst commercial producers (Smith, 2002). A new technique referred to as DVI (Direct Vat Inoculation) is fast becoming the most preferred choice which involves inoculating the yoghurt mix directly with a very large number of freeze dried starter organisms (Watson,2007). Even though there may be a longer incubation time, relative immunity to phage attack makes this a more safe option for manufacturing plants to ensure production of yoghurt is efficient every time. The design of the container in which the fermentation process is carried out in can also improve the process. Commercially there has been a shift in design of cone bottom processers to facilitate the draining of relatively viscous fluids after incubation (Carpers, 2005). Critical step in the fermentation process is the maintenance of the optimum temperature for growth of starter cultures; hence well insulted incubation vats should be utilized. Addition of fruit and Packaging At this stage fruits and addition desired flavours may be added at or prior to filling preformed pots. Common additives include, fruit flavours, colouring agents, sweetening agents. Depending on the type of yoghurt, the above fermentation process may occur before this addition of fruit or after. For example, in set style yoghurt fruit is added to the bottom of the cup and inoculated yoghurt is poured over the top, the fermentation takes place within the cup. For stirred yoghurt, the fruit is blended with the cooled ferment yoghurt and yoghurt texture can be made smoother by pumping it through a cone before packaging (Moralee, 2002). The yoghurt is refrigerated until it is required for package and transportation. Conclusion- In undertaking an engineering analysis of the bioprocess of yoghurt and exploring each step carefully it can be seen that although yoghurt follows a general manufacturing procedure. The bioprocess of yoghurt production involves preparation of milk, followed by pasteurisation and homogenisation of the milk, cooling down period, then inoculation with a lactic acid bacterial starter culture to ferment the milk. Measurement of acid production measures the success in fermenting milk. Additions of fruit and other additives are added just prior to storage and packaging. The exploitation of the fact that milk contains the sugar lactose, and when undergoing fermentation with a starter culture produces lactic acid, allows observation of how yoghurt is produced. The production of yoghurt on an industrial scale requires great improvement in the handling of the mixture to ensure no contamination, choice of raw materials will greatly affect the final product, employing a successful method to obtai n a starter culture that is free from unwanted materials and operation in fermentation vats that give efficient outcomes. References Carpers S, 2005 , http://www.natmedtalk.com/nutrition/4933-lactose-higher-fat-content-lower-lactose.html, viewed 14/04/10 Driessen, F. M., Ubbels, J., and Stadhouders, J., Continuous manufacture of yogurt. I. Optimal conditions and kinetics of the prefermentation process, Biotech. Bioeng., 19, 821, 1977 Ed Excel Foundation, http://www.biotopics.co.uk/edexcel/biotechnol/yog.html, viewed on the 24/04/10). J Scott Smith Yiy Hui, 2002, Food processing: principles and applications, pg 297-319 John Watson, 2007, http://www.dairyconsultant.co.uk/si-yoghurt.php, viewed 13/04/10 Neil Moralee, 2002,http://www.cip.ukcentre.com/yogurt.htm, viewed 13/04/10 Savello, 1998, http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5762989/description.html viewed 28/04/10 Tamime, A. Y. and Deeth, H. C. Yogurt: technology and biochemistry, J. Food Protection, 43, 939, 1980. Wang S, 2000, http://www.eng.umd.edu/~nsw/ench485/lab8.htm, viewed 28/04/10 Brock C, 2005, http://www.fcs.msue.msu.edu/ff/pdffiles/foodsafety2.pdf, viewed 25/04/10 Steane R, 2008, http://www.biotopics.co.uk/edexcel/biotechnol/yog.html, viewed 17/04/10

Technical writing style

Technical Writing Style As you draft and edit, it is helpful to keep in mind the effective ways to present sentences and paragraphs. When you revise your drafts, check the language and remove any area of possible confusion. If you have repeated any word, see whether you can change the sentence. The following passages will help you to be aware of any difficult construction of sentences, so that you can modify the same and ensure reader's comfort. Write Clear Sentences Follow these guidelines for writing sentences which will be clear to the readers. Keep the main idea on top. Use active voice.Employ parallelism. Repeat for emphasis. Write sentences of 15 to 25 words. Provide transitions. Avoid wordiness. Avoid redundancy. Keep the Main Idea on Top This is the key principle in writing so that your sentences are easy to understand. Place the sentence's main idea, the subject, first. The subject makes the rest of the sentence accessible. Readers therefore orient themselves and they are ab le to interact with the subsequent discussion. See this example from a popular newspaper. â€Å"Doubts persist over World Cup 2007. † (Note how the interest of the reader is immediately captured. Now the details follow. )†Clouds are gathering over the West Indies, and they are more than rain-bearing masses of cumulous. With eight months and a few days to go for the 2007 World Cup, doubts are increasingly being aired about the ability of the region to host a venture of such and complexity. † Thus readers are informed about the crux of the problem so that they are interested to read on. Use Normal Word Order The normal word order in English is subject-verb-object. This order makes it easier to read as it reveals the topic first and the structures the idea.This order produces entences which are clear to the readers and do not cause any contusion. Read the following sentence. â€Å"Finance Minister on Tuesday backed the Central Bank's decision to increase interest ra tes, stating that the move was aimed at containing inflation. † The sentence is clear, though a little long (23 words) and follows natural flow. Use Active Voice Active voice emphasizes performer of the function and not the receiver. Active voice helps the reader follow the meaning quickly as it is sticking to subject-verb-object pattern. When the subject acts, the verb is in the active voice.When the subject is acted upon, the verb is in the passive voice. Use passive voice sparingly and when it is absolutely required. Examples: I completed the work in time (active voice as the subject acts here. ) My mobile was stolen (passive voice as the subject is acted upon. ) Go through the following example. Manufacturers add preservatives to food products to increase their shelf-life (emphasis is on manufacturers, which is not correct. ) Preservatives are added to food products to increase their shelf-life (emphasis is on preservatives, which is correct. In uch cases, passive voice sh ould be used. Use Parallelism Use similar structures for similar elements. The vendors promise that they will replace the old machine and to attend to the new order (wrong). The vendors promise that they will replace the old machine and will attend to the new order. (correct) Repeat for Emphasis Repeat key words for emphasis so that the reader has better recall. Read the following example. The doctrine of â€Å"No work, no pay† is a fundamental axioms in industrial relations. The philosophy is very simple. When a person is employed, he is expected to carry out the ork assigned to him.When he does not do so, he is not eligible for payment of any salary. Even when a general strike disrupts public transport systems, and consequently employees are unable to reach their work places, the same principle prevails. Of course corporate may permit their staff to avail themselves of any leave to their credit. Even die-hard trade union leaders respect this principle. â€Å"No work, no pa y† lays a strong foundation to industrial peace and harmony in the long run. Provide Transitions Connect sentences by using words that signal a sequence or pattern. Sequence: first, second, next.Addition: and, further. Contrast: but, however, nevertheless. Avoid Wordiness Generally, concise expressions are more effective than verbosity. Eliminate all repetitions, subordinate clauses etc. to make the writing compact and pointed. Examples of Wordiness Came to the conclusion Utilization of Make Revisions Make an amendment to Examples of compactness Concluded Use Revise Amend Avoid Redundancy Redundancies are words that say the same content. Conciseness is achieved by saying anything only once. In the following examples, what is bracketed may be mitted for conciseness.During (the year) of 2006 (Needless to say) (New) innovation The (other) alternative is Choose a Tone Now you can prepare clear, effective documents. Your documents are easy to read. However, we are assuming that the writer and reader are equal and unemotional. In practice, it may not be so. Hence it is important to control ‘tone'. The ‘tone' can communicate as much as the content of the message. Consider some possible ‘tones' depending on the situation. forceful passive personal impersonal The forceful tone implies that the writer is in command.This is appropriate when the writer addresses subordinates. While writing forcefully, Use the active voice. Use imperatives. Clearly indicate that you are responsible. For example: I have decided to introduce Performance Appraisal System forthwith in our organization. When the reader has more power than the writer, use passive voice. For example: The instructions to implement the new Evaluation System has been complied with The personal tone implies that reader and writer are equal. David thanks for your suggestion about maintenance routine. It has given good results.The impersonal tone is employed when the writer is not important and the situation is neutral. For example: A proposal to introduce quality circle has been made. Use Positive Words and Verbs A sure way to involve your audience is to sprinkle positive words and positive verbs throughout your text. Positive words and verbs convince the reader the benefits of your subject matter. Positive Words Advantage asset effective profitable satisfied value favorable success Benefit Positive Verbs Positive verbs motivate your readers. Some ot the verbs that motivate your readers nto action are here.Accomplish plan achieve produce implement Prepare promote exceed organize assess Tune to the Audience Tuning to the audience is the key for effectiveness of your document with the reader. Remember the following points. Not all your readers will understand acronyms and abbreviations. Readers need glossaries. Provide extended definitions for technical terms. As multiple audiences have different levels of technical knowledge, choose carefully the amount of technical conten t in your document. Show your reader how he or she will benefit from your document

Understanding How Detergents Actually Work

Detergents and soaps are used for cleaning because pure water cant remove oily, organic soiling. Soap cleans by acting as an emulsifier. Basically, soap allows oil and water to mix so that oily grime can be removed during rinsing. Surfactants Detergents were developed in response to the shortage of the animal and vegetable fats used to make soap during World War I and World War II. Detergents are primarily surfactants, which could be produced easily from petrochemicals. Surfactants lower the surface tension of water, essentially making it wetter so that it is less likely to stick to itself and more likely to interact with oil and grease. Additional Ingredients Modern detergents contain more than surfactants. Cleaning products may also contain enzymes to degrade protein-based stains, bleaches to de-color stains and add power to cleaning agents, and blue dyes to counter yellowing. Like soaps, detergents have hydrophobic or water-hating molecular chains and hydrophilic or water-loving components. The hydrophobic hydrocarbons are repelled by water but are attracted to oil and grease. The hydrophilic end of the same molecule means that one end of the molecule will be attracted to water, while the other side is binding to oil. How Detergents Work Neither detergents nor soaps  accomplish anything except binding to the soil until some mechanical energy or agitation is added into the equation. Swishing the soapy water around allows the soap or detergent to pull the grime away from clothes or dishes and into the larger pool of rinse water. Rinsing washes the detergent and soil away. Warm or hot water melts fats and oils so that it is easier for the soap or detergent to dissolve the soil and pull it away into the rinse water. Detergents are similar to soap, but they are less likely to form films (soap scum) and are not as affected by the presence of minerals in the water (hard water). Modern Detergents Modern detergents may be made from petrochemicals or from oleochemicals derived from plants and animals. Alkalis and oxidizing agents are also chemicals found in detergents. Heres a look at the functions these molecules serve: Petrochemicals/Oleochemicals: These fats and oils are hydrocarbon chains which are attracted to the oily and greasy grime.Oxidizers: Sulfur trioxide, ethylene oxide, and sulfuric acid are among the molecules used to produce the hydrophilic component of surfactants. Oxidizers provide an energy source for chemical reactions. These highly reactive compounds also act as bleaches.Alkalis: Sodium and potassium hydroxide are used in detergents even as they are used in soapmaking. They provide positively charged ions to promote chemical reactions.

After the Civil War The New South Essay - 987 Words

Was there a New South after the Civil War? What elements marked or did not mark the New South? After the Civil War, the South was in a state of political turmoil, social chaos, and economic decline. Contrary to popular belief, Northerners did not subject Southerners to unethical or inhumane punishment. The time post Civil War was filled with efforts toward reconstructing the South, yet there is the strong question if there even is a New South. Yes, there was somewhat of a New South economically. No, there was not a New South regarding race relations and social hierarchy. In the 1870’s, the South realized the world still looked at them as the ones who wanted slavery. There was a need to project a new image to the world and to stimulate†¦show more content†¦Cotton was still a major industry in the South after the Civil War, but iron and tobacco became strong competitors. There was an increase in Southern cotton mills. In 1800, there were one hundred and sixty mills; in 1900, there were over four hundred mills. There were, however, racist hiring practices. Very few blacks acquired jobs. This was justified by mill owners because whites suffered in competition with blacks for agricultural jobs. The counterargument may be that they were not jobs, because the blacks were slaves and not paid. Southerners found large coal and iron ore reserves, and thereby had a tremendous growth in iron and steel mills. Eventually though, these mills became controlled by foreign investors and Northerners around 1900. Tobacco was traditionally grown in the South, but factories for processing were not developed until post Civil War in 1900. Outside capitalists also controlled these industries. The Northerners reconstructed the Southern economy—one that they controlled—but did not change much in the South itself, which still had multiple racial and social issues. The South was still extremely unhappy regarding the freedom of the slaves. The Thirteenth Amendment states, â€Å"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to theirShow MoreRelatedSantosh N. Williams. Dr. Washington. 28 March 2017. . The784 Words   |  4 PagesMarch 2017 The American Civil War The American Civil War was a war against the North and the South during the 1860’s. The Southern removed themselves from the Union. The U.S didn’t allow states to be removed from the Union. The North also wanted to get rid of Slavery but the South wanted African American slaves to help them and work for them. The War started when the army in the South attacked a military base in South Carolina. The American Civil War was the first war that killed thousands of AmericansRead MoreWhat Caused The Civil War? Slavery? 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